ENROLL. The script has not been deciphered so far, but overlaps of letters show that it was written from right to left in the first line and left to right in the second line. The people of this culture were not acquainted with iron at all. Harappan seals and other material have been found at Mesopotamia. rishi upsc — October 2, 2019 add comment. There were also instances of trade with Sumer, Babylonia, Egypt, etc. Indus Valley Civilization (Indian History) 66. Lothal was an important trade centre of the Harap- pan culture. The towns were divided into two parts: Upper part or Citadel and the Lower part. and were generally cubical in shape. Later excavations at Kalibangan made the following specific discoveries: The evidences of two types of burials are also found: Kot-Diji is known more as a pre-Harappan site. A seal with a picture suggesting Pashupati Mahadev and this city is also an extreme example of conservatism, as despite having been flooded almost nine times, they never tried to shift to a safer place. Through excavations, the evidence of bead maker’s shops has come to light; it was the only Harappan city without a citadel. The Indus Civilisation represents the first phase of urbanisation in India. It started to wane about 1900 BC and vanished around 1400 BC. Evidence of violent death of some of the inhabitants (discovery of human skeletons put together) and a seal representing Mother Goddess with a plant growing from her womb, and a woman to be sacrificed by a man with a knife in his hand. The time period of mature Indus Valley Civilization is estimated between BC. Indus Valley Civilization, a lso known as Harappan Civilization, was the first major civilization in south Asia, which spread across a vast area of land in present day India and Pakistan. Evidence of direct trade contact with Mesopotamia and a. EduRev is like a wikipedia just for education and the Indus Valley Civilisation Part - 1 UPSC Notes | EduRev images and diagram are … Other important material remains include ceramics, steatite seal and a few terracotta sealing with typical Indus script, ear rings shaped like leaves of a peepal tree and terracotta bangles. Myupsc.com is dedicated to preparation of Indian Administrative Services (UPSC) and Rajasthan Administrative Services (RPSC). Good Morning Friends, We are Posting Today’s Prelims Marathon . are listed as possible causes for the decline of the Indus Valley Civilization. It is Well-knit external and internal trade. Though lot of buildings and bricks were found, no brick kilns have been found so far. The Indus civilization stands tall amongst other civilizations of the ancient world such as Mesopotamian, Egyptian and Babylonian. The site is remarkable for providing the impression of cloth on a trough. The Harrapans most notable artistic achievement was their seal engravings especially those of animals. But the upper classes preferred a God– nude with two horns, much similar to Pashupati Shiva. A cemetery with four pot burials with some human bones has also been found. For example, some evidences have come from both Kalibangan and Lothal hinting at head surgery. The red sandstone torso of a man is particularly impressive for its realism. Indus Valley Civilization UPSC. Indus Valley Civilization (IVC) is the beginning of the history of India. Rigvedic Aryans knew gold, silver and copper whereas Indus Valley people knew only copper and iron. Also there was an organization like a municipal corporation to look after the civic amenities of the people. The main object of worship was the Mother Goddess or Shakti. R.D. The main streets and roads were set in a line, sometimes running straight for a mile, and were varying in width from 4 … Among other names for this civilization is the Harappan civilization in reference to the first excavated city of Harappa. Maximum number of seals discovered is made of steatite with the unicorn symbol being discovered on the maximum number of seals. They were fully conscious of the various fashions of hair-dressing and wore beards of different styles. Written by: ForumIAS Posted on December 3rd, 2020 Last modified on December 16th, 2020 Comments Views : 3,779. The civilization was first discovered in 1920 while laying of the Lahore Multan railway line. The script is not alphabetical but pictographic (about 600 undeciphered pictographs). Questions are based on the static part of the … The Citadel comprised of public buildings whereas the lower part comprised of public dwellings. 5 lessons. 80% of the settlements were on the banks of the now lost Saraswati River. Flint tool-work, shell-work, bangle-making (famous in Kalibangan), etc. Topic – Indus Valley Civilization – 100 Must-Know Facts– UPSC GS-I Indus Valley Civilization (IVC) is one of the four great civilizations of the world. Besides the cattle, sheep, pigs, camels, cats and dogs were domesticated. Working floors, consisting of rows of circular brick platforms lay to the south of granaries and were meant for threshing grain and evidence of coffin burial and cemetery ‘H’ culture. Perhaps they were more concerned with commerce and they were possibly ruled by a class of merchants. The discovery of cinerary urns and jars, goblets or vessels with ashes, bones or charcoal may however suggest that during the flourishing period of the Indus valley culture, the third method was generally practiced. In Mohenjodaro, a big public bath (Great Bath) measuring 12 m by 7 m and 2.4 m deep has been found. Houses were often of two or more storey, of varying sizes but were quite monotonous – a square courtyard around which were a number of rooms. Complete Indus Valley Civilisation Part - 1 UPSC Notes | EduRev chapter (including extra questions, long questions, short questions, mcq) can be found on EduRev, you can check out UPSC lecture & lessons summary in the same course for UPSC Syllabus. A human head with long oval eyes, thick lower lips, receding forehead and straight pointed nose. As per researchers, the downfall of this great civilization started around 1900 BC. 5. The word Kalibangan means ‘black bangles’. The Indus Valley civilization was an ancient civilization thriving along the Indus River and the Ghaggar-Hakra River in what is now Pakistan and north-western India. One male figure or a statue shows that generally two garments were worn and the female dress was more or less like that of a male. the script is there, but it cannot be deciphered and belongs to the Bronze Age. It’s not easy to connect the archaeological finds with their respective Harappan cities. There is no clear idea of the political organization of the Indus valley people. Food grains were stored in granaries. 1 rating. In Harappa, there is one place where evidence of coffin burial is there. They were items of export. Indus Valley Civilization Ancient India History Notes for APSC, UPSC & other Exams. Ans. ENROLL. ENROLL. We get some idea of the size of population that lived in any of the Harappan cities from the studies conducted. It flourished in 2500 BC. Nor did they ever try to build strong embankments to protect themselves from floods. The Indus Valley Civilization was set up in 3300 BC. Dr. J.P. Joshi and Dr. R.S. 2020 Best Mock Test ! An alternative term for the culture is Saraswati- Sindhu civilization based on the fact that most of the Indus Valley sites have been found along the Ghaggar-Hakra River. The elaborate bathing arrangement marking the city of Mohenjodaro would suggest that religious purification by bath formed a feature of the Indus Valley people. For making bronze, copper was obtained from Khetri in Rajasthan and from Baluchistan and tin from Afghanistan. It flourished along the flood plains of Indus and Ghaggar-Hakra. It appears from excavations that the people of this culture were well-versed with surgery. (a) Houses of Indus Valley Civilization were one or two stories high, made of baked (Pucca) bricks, with flat roofs. Filter By Papers. This civilization flourished in the river basins of the Indus and the Ghaggar-Hakra River. Among other names for this civilization is the Harappan civilization in reference to the first excavated city of Harappa. Domestication of animals was done on a large scale. Clay pipes led from the bathrooms to sewers located under the streets. R.B. However the most impressive of the figurines is the bronze image of a dancing girl (identified as a devdassi) found at Mohenjodaro. For UPSC 2021 preparation, follow BYJU’S. It is situated in Hissar district of Haryana, Banawali has provided two phases of culture during its excavations: the pre-Harappan (Phase I) and the Harappan (Phase II). One theory claims that the Indo-European tribe i.e. Houses were made of stone. The IVC declined around 1800 BCE but the actual reasons behind its demise are still debated. The Indus Valley Civilization was an ancient civilization located in what is Pakistan and northwest India, on the fertile flood plain of the Indus River and its vicinity; Two cities, in particular, have been excavated at the sites of Mohenjo-Daro on the lower Indus, and at Harappa, further upstream. Excavations at Lothal led to some specific discoveries which include: Remains of rice husk (the only other Harappan city where the rice husk has been found is Rangpur near Ahmedabad), an artificial dock yard and evidence of a horse from a doubtful terracotta figurine and impressions of cloth on some of the seals, Evidence of direct trade contact with Mesopotamia and houses with entrances on the main street (the houses of all other Harappan cities had side entries). Kot Diji The site of Kot Diji is located at the foot of a range of limestone hills in northen Sindh on the eastern bank of the Indus River, some 60 kilometers north-east of Mohenjodaro. 2. Around 3300 BC has established the civilization of the Indus Valley. The Indus Valley Pottery was red or black pottery and the people indulged in dice games, their favorite pastime being gambling. Cotton fabrics were quite common and woolens were popular in winter. 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